Description
Let’s first talk about the development history of PLC. In the specific steps of the manufacturing industry, many switching values are sequentially controlled. It determines the sequence of actions based on logical prerequisites, controls the interlocking protection actions based on logic, and collects data on many autocorrelation function quantities. Traditionally, many functions are achieved through pneumatic or electrical systems. In 1968, General Motors Corporation of the United States discussed the need to replace electrical control test devices. The following year, Digital Corporation of the United States developed control equipment based on integrated circuits and electronic technology, which was the first programmable controller (PC) to be used in electrical control in a programmatic manner.
After the development trend of personal computers (abbreviated as PCs), in order to facilitate and reflect the advantages of programmable controllers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs) were named.
From the 1980s to the mid-1990s, PLC was the fastest growing period, with an annual growth rate consistently maintained at 35-45%. During this period, PLC achieved significant improvements in analog input capability, digital computing capability, human-machine interface capability, and network capability. PLC gradually entered the field of process control and replaced the dominant DCS system in some applications.
PLC has the characteristics of strong universality, convenient use, wide self-regulation range, high system reliability, strong anti-interference, and easy programming. The influence of PLC in industrial production automatic control, especially sequential control, cannot be replaced in the foreseeable future.
Let’s say again that the composition of PLC can be divided into two types: fixed type and modular type. Fixed PLC involves CPU board, I/O board, display panel, operation and storage block, power supply, etc. These elements form an inseparable whole. Modular PLC includes CPU modules, I/O modules, storage, power modules, backplanes or racks, which can be combined and configured according to certain rules.
When it comes to the composition of the CPU, the CPU is the key to the PLC and plays a central role in the nervous system. A set of PLC has at least one CPU, which receives and stores user programs and data according to the functions granted by the PLC system program. It collects the status or data sent by the on-site input device through scanning and coexists it in the specified registers. At the same time, it diagnoses the working status of the power supply and PLC internal circuits, as well as syntax errors throughout the programming process. After entering operation, read instructions one by one from the user program memory, conduct in-depth analysis, and then form corresponding control signals according to the tasks specified in the instructions to command the relevant control circuits.
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